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Roget's Thesaurus
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** Thesaurus-1911 **
*************************************************************************
Being a computer-readable version of the Roget's Thesaurus published
in 1911.
This electronic version was prepared and placed in the public domain
by MICRA, Inc. 1991.
This file is in MICROSOFT WORD (R) (version 5) (for MS-DOS) format.
(186,767 words including comments were counted by MS Word.)
This file is an electronic version of the edition of Roget's Thesaurus
published in 1911 by the Crowell company. The following differences will
be noted between this version and the original printed edition:
(1) the space-saving abbreviations in the original, using hyphens to
represent common prefixes or suffixes have been expanded into the full
words.
(2) the side-by-side format for words and their opposites has been
abandoned. Words are listed in order of their entry number.
(3) each main entry has a pound sign "#" in front of the number to
facilitate computerized search.
(4) greek words and phrases are transliterated and included between
brackets in the format <gr/greek word/gr>.
(5) where italics occurred in the original, italics are used in the
Microsoft Word format file. In the plain ASCII file, this formatting is
lost.
(6) the approximate location of the bottom of each page in the original
1911 printed book is indicated by a comment of the form: <-- p. 23 -->.
Note that there are two spaces between the "p." and the page number.
(7) This file contains only the main body of the thesaurus. Neither
outline nor index are contained here.
A version of this electronic thesaurus which has been supplemented to
include more modern words and phrases is in preparation, and will be
available from MICRA, Inc. The supplemented version will also be available
for licensing in larger quantities at a modest cost (this supplemented
version has been copyrighted). This supplemented version is much less
complete than the latest editions of commercial thesauri, and is probably
not as suitable for use as an adjunct to word-processing programs, but it
nevertheless has the substantial virtue that it can be obtained and
licensed with minimum fuss by anyone with an interest in computer
programming.
Future versions of this thesaurus are also planned, which will be
reorganized somewhat in a hierarchical fashion to maximize the ability to
take advantage of inheritance from higher categories. The objective is to
create a database of words organized by semantic categories, suitable for
use in natural-language understanding programs. This is a very small-scale
project, which will not be competitive with commercial efforts such as the
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processing for individuals or small groups without the financial clout of
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-->
ROGET'S THESAURUS OF ENGLISH WORDS AND PHRASES
CLASS I
WORDS EXPRESSING ABSTRACT RELATIONS
SECTION I. EXISTENCE
1. BEING, IN THE ABSTRACT
#1. Existence.-- N. existence, being, entity, ens, esse, subsistence
reality, actuality; positiveness &c.. adj.; fact, matter of fact,
sober reality; truth &c. 494; actual existence.
presence &c.. (existence in space) 186; coexistence &c.. 120.
stubborn fact, hard fact; not a dream &c. 515; no joke.
center of life, essence, inmost nature, inner reality, vital
principle.
[Science of existence], ontology.
V. exist, be; have being &c. n.; subsist, live, breathe, stand,
obtain, be the case; occur &c. (event) 151; have place, prevail; find
oneself, pass the time, vegetate.
consist in, lie in; be comprised in, be contained in, be constituted
by.
come into existence &c. n.; arise &c. (begin) 66; come forth &c.
(appear) 446. become &c. (be converted) 144; bring into existence &c. 161.
abide, continue, endure, last, remain, stay.
Adj. existing &c. v. existent, under the sun; in existence &c. n.;
extant; afloat, afoot, on foot, current, prevalent; undestroyed.
real, actual, positive, absolute; true &c. 494; substantial,
substantive; self-existing, self-existent; essential.
well-founded well-grounded; unideal, unimagined; not potential &c. 2;
authentic.
Adv. actually &c. adj.; in fact, in point of fact, in reality; indeed;
de facto, ipso facto.
Phr. ens rationis; ergo sum cogito: "thinkest thou existence doth
depend on time?" [Byron].
#2. Inexistence.-- N. inexistence; nonexistence, nonsubsistence;
nonentity, nil; negativeness &c. adj.; nullity; nihility, nihilism; tabula
rasa, blank; abeyance; absence &c. 187; no such thing &c. 4; nonbeing,
nothingness, oblivion.
annihilation; extinction &c. (destruction) 162; extinguishment,
extirpation, Nirvana, obliteration.
V. not exist &c. 1; have no existence &c. 1; be null and void; cease
to exist &c.. 1; pass away, perish; be extinct, become extinct &c. adj.;
die out; disappear &c. 449; melt away, dissolve, leave not a rack behind;
go, be no more; die &c. 360.
annihilate, render null, nullify; abrogate &c.. 756; destroy &c. 162;
take away; remove &c. (displace) 185; obliterate, extirpate.
Adj. inexistent, nonexistent &c. 1; negative, blank; missing, omitted;
absent &c. 187,; insubstantial, shadowy, spectral, visionary.
unreal, potential, virtual; baseless, in nubibus; unsubstantial &c..
4; vain. unborn, uncreated, unbegotten, unconceived, unproduced, unmade.
perished, annihilated, &c. v.; extinct, exhausted, gone, lost,
vanished, departed, gone with the wind; defunct &c. (dead) 360.
fabulous, ideal &c. (imaginary) 515, supposititious &c. 514.
Adv negatively, virtually &c.. adj.
Phr. non ens.
<-- p. 1 -->
2. BEING, IN THE CONCRETE
#3. Substantiality. -- N. substantiality, hypostasis; person, being,
thing, object, article, item; something, a being, an existence; creature,
body, substance, flesh and blood, stuff , substratum; matter &c. 316;
corporeity, element, essential nature, groundwork, materiality,
substantialness, vital part.
[Totality of existences], world &c. 318; plenum.
Adj. substantive, substantial; hypostatic; personal, bodily, tangible
&c. (material) 316; corporeal.
Adv. substantially &c. adj.; bodily, essentially.
#4. Unsubstantiality. -- N. unsubstantiality, insubstantiality;
nothingness, nihility; no degree, no part, no quantity, no thing.
nothing, naught, nil, nullity, zero, cipher, no one, nobody; never a
one, ne'er a one; no such thing, none in the world; nothing whatever,
nothing at all, nothing on earth; not a particle &c.. (smallness) 32; all
talk, moonshine, stuff and nonsense; matter of no importance, matter of no
consequence. thing of naught, man of straw, John Doe and Richard Roe,
faggot voter; nominis umbra, nonentity; flash in the pan, vox et praeterea
nihil.
shadow; phantom &c.,(fallacy of vision) 443; dream &c. (imagination)
515; ignis fatuus &c.. (luminary) 423; " such stuff as dreams are made of "
[Tempest]; air, thin air, vapor; bubble &c. 353; " baseless fabric of a
vision " [Tempest]; mockery.
hollowness, blank; void &c. (absence) 187.
inanity, fool's paradise.
V. vanish, evaporate, fade, dissolve, melt away; disappear &c. 449.
Adj. unsubstantial; baseless, groundless; ungrounded; without
foundation, having no foundation.
visionary &c. (imaginary) 515; immaterial &c.. 137; spectral &c. 980;
dreamy; shadowy; ethereal, airy; cloud built, cloud formed; gossamery,
illusory, insubstantial, unreal.
vacant, vacuous; empty &c.. 187; eviscerated; blank, hollow; nominal;
null; inane.
Phr. there's nothing in it; " an ocean of dreams without a sound"
[Shelley].
3. FORMAL EXISTENCE
Internal conditions
#5. Intrinsicality.-- N. intrinsicality, inbeing, inherence, inhesion;
subjectiveness; ego; egohood; essence; essentialness &c.. adj.; essential
part, quintessence, incarnation, quiddity, gist, pith, marrow, core, sap,
lifeblood, backbone, heart, soul; important part &c.. (importance) 642.
principle, nature, constitution, character, type, quality, crasis,
diathesis.
habit; temper, temperament; spirit, humor, grain; disposition.
endowment, capacity; capability &c.. (power) 157.
moods, declensions, features, aspects; peculiarities &c. (speciality)
79; idiosyncrasy, oddity; idiocrasy &c.. (tendency) 176; diagnostics.
V. be in the blood, run in the blood; be born so; be intrinsic &c. adj.
Adj. derived from within, subjective; intrinsic, intrinsical;
fundamental, normal; implanted, inherent,.essential, natural; innate,
inborn, inbred, ingrained, inwrought; coeval with birth, genetous,
haematobious, syngenic radical, incarnate, thoroughbred, hereditary,
inherited, immanent; congenital, congenite|; connate, running in the blood;
ingenerate, ingenite|; indigenous; in the grain &c. n.; bred in the bone,
instinctive; inward, internal &c.. 221; to the manner born; virtual.
characteristic &c. (special) 79, (indicative) 550; invariable,
incurable, incorrigible, ineradicable, fixed.
Adv. intrinsically &c. adj.; at bottom, in the main, in effect,
practically, virtually, substantially, au fond; fairly.
Phr. " character is higher than intellect " [Emerson]; "come give us a
taste of your quality " [ Hamlet] magnos homines virtute metimur non
fortuna [Nepos]; non numero haec judicantur sed pondere [Cicero]; " vital
spark of heavenly flame " [Pope].
External conditions
#6. Extrinsicality.-- N. extrinsicality, objectiveness, non ego;
extraneousness &c.. 57; accident.
Adj. derived from without; objective; extrinsic, extrinsical;
extraneous &c.. (foreign) 57; modal, adventitious; ascititious,
adscititious; incidental, accidental, nonessential; contingent, fortuitous.
implanted, ingrafted; inculcated, infused.
outward &c.. (external) 220.
Adv. extrinsically &c. adj.
<-- p. 2 -->
4. MODAL EXISTENCE
Absolute
#7. State. -- N. state, condition, category, estate, lot, ease, trim,
mood, pickle, plight, temper; aspect &c. (appearance) 448, dilemma, pass,
predicament.
constitution, habitude, diathesis; frame, fabric &c. 329; stamp, set,
fit, mold, mould.
mode, modality, schesis; form &c.. (shape) 240.
tone, tenor, turn; trim, guise, fashion, light, complexion, style,
character.
V. be in a state, possess a state, enjoy a state, labor under a state
&c. n.; be on a footing, do, fare; come to pass.
Adj. conditional, modal, formal; structural, organic.
Adv. conditionally &c.. adj.; as the matter stands, as things are;
such being the case &c. 8.
Relative
#8. Circumstance. -- N. circumstance, situation, phase, position,
posture, attitude, place, point; terms; regime; footing, standing, status.
occasion, juncture, conjunctive; contingency &c. (event) 151.
predicament; emergence, emergency; exigency, crisis, pinch, pass,
push; occurrence; turning point.
bearings, how the land lies.
surroundings, context, environment 229a[TE 232]; location 184.
contingency, dependence (uncertainty) 475; causation 153, attribution
155.
Adj. circumstantial; given, conditional, provisional; critical; modal;
contingent, incidental; adventitious &c. (extrinsic) 6; limitative.
Adv. in the circumstances, under the circumstances &c.. n., the
circumstances, conditions &c. 7; thus, in such wise.
accordingly; that being the case, such being the case, in view of the
circumstances; that being so, sith, since, seeing that.
as matters stand; as things go, as times go.
conditionally, provided, if, in case; if so, if so be, if it be so;
depending on circumstances, in certain circumstances, under certain
conditions; if it so happen, if it so turn out; in the event of; in such a
contingency, in such a case, in such an event; provisionally, unless,
without.
according to circumstances, according to the occasion; as it may
happen, as it may turn out,as it may be; as the case may be, as the wind
blows; pro re nata.
Phr. " yet are my sins not those of circumstance " [Lytton].
<-- p. 3 -->
SECTION II. RELATION
. 1. ABSOLUTE RELATION
#9. Relation. -- N. relation, bearing, reference, connection,
concern,. cognation ; correlation &c. 12; analogy; similarity &c. 17;
affinity, homology, alliance, homogeneity, association; approximation &c..
(nearness) 197; filiation &c. (consanguinity) 11; interest; relevancy &c.
23; dependency, relationship, relative position.
comparison &c. 464; ratio, proportion.
link, tie, bond of union.
V. be related &c. adj.; have a relation &c. n.; relate to, refer to;
bear upon, regard, concern, touch, affect, have to do with; pertain to,
belong to, appertain to; answer to; interest.
bring into relation with, bring to bear upon; connect, associate, draw
a parallel; link &c. 43.
Adj. relative; correlative &c.. 12; cognate; relating to &c. v.;
relative to, in relation with, referable or referrible to; belonging to &c.
v.; appurtenant to, in common with.
related, connected; implicated, associated, affiliated, allied to; en
rapport, in touch with.
approximative, approximating; proportional, proportionate,
proportionable; allusive, comparable.
in the same category &c. 75; like &c. 17; relevant &c. (apt) 23;
applicable, equiparant.
Adv. relatively &c. adj.; pertinently &c. 23.
thereof; as to, as for, as respects, as regards; about; concerning &c.
v.; anent; relating to, as relates to; with relation, with reference to,
with respect to,with regard to; in respect of; while speaking of, a propos
of; in connection with; by the way, by the by; whereas; for as much as, in
as much as; in point of, as far as; on the part of, on the score of; quoad
hoc; pro re nata; under the head of &c.. (class) 75 of; in the matter of,
in re.
Phr. " thereby hangs a tale " [Taming of the Shrew].
#10. [Want, or absence of relation.] Irrelation. -- N. irrelation,
dissociation; misrelation; inapplicability; inconnection; multifariousness;
disconnection &c. (disjunction) 44; inconsequence, independence;
incommensurability; irreconcilableness &c. (disagreement) 24;
heterogeneity; unconformity &c. 83; irrelevancy, impertinence, nihil ad
rem; intrusion &c.. 24; non-pertinence.
V. have no relation to &c. 9; have no bearing upon, have no concern
with &c. 9 , have no business with; not concern &c.. 9; have no business
there, have nothing to do with,
intrude &c. 24.
bring in head and shoulders, drag in head and shoulders, lug in head
and shoulders.
Adj. irrelative, irrespective, unrelated; arbitrary; independent,
unallied; unconnected, disconnected; adrift, isolated, insular; extraneous,
strange, alien, foreign, outlandish, exotic.
not comparable, incommensurable, heterogeneous; unconformable &c. 83.
irrelevant, inapplicable; not pertinent, not to the, purpose; impertinent,
inapposite, beside the mark, a propos de bottes; aside from the purpose,,
away from the purpose,, foreign to the purpose, beside the purpose, beside
the question, beside the transaction, beside the point; misplaced &c.
(intrusive) 24; traveling out of the record.
remote, far-fetched, out of the way, forced, neither here nor there,
quite another thing; detached, segregate; disquiparant.
multifarious; discordant &c.. 24.
incidental, parenthetical, obiter dicta, episodic.
Adv. parenthetically &c. adj.; by the way, by the by; en passant,
incidentally; irrespectively &c. adj.; without reference to, without regard
to; in the abstract &c. 87; a se.
RELATIONS
#11. [Relations of kindred.] Consanguinity. -- N. consanguinity,
relationship, kindred, blood; parentage &c.. (paternity) 166; filiation,
affiliation; lineage, agnation, connection, alliance; family connection,
family tie; ties of blood; nepotism.
kinsman, kinfolk; kith and kin; relation, relative; connection; sib;
next of kin; uncle, aunt, nephew, niece; cousin, cousin-german; first
cousin, second cousin; cousin once removed, cousin twice &c. removed; near
relation, distant relation; brother, sister, one's own flesh and blood.
family, fraternity; brotherhood, sisterhood, cousinhood.
race, stock, generation; sept &c.. 166; stirps, side; strain; breed, clan,
tribe, nation.
V. be related to &c. adj. claim relationship with &c. n. with.
Adj. related, akin, consanguineous, of the blood, family, allied,
collateral; cognate, agnate, connate; kindred; affiliated; fraternal.
<-- p. 4 -->
intimately related, nearly related, closely related, remotely related,
distantly related, allied; german.
#12. [Double or reciprocal relation.] Correlation. -- N.
reciprocalness &c.. adj.; reciprocity, reciprocation; mutuality,
correlation, interdependence, connection, link, association; interchange
&c. 148; exchange, barter.
reelprocitist.
V. reciprocate, alternate; interchange &c.. 148; exchange;
counterchange.
Adj. reciprocal, mutual, commutual, correlative; alternate;
interchangeable; international; complemental, complementary.
Adv. mutatis mutandis; vice versa; each other, one another; by turns
&c. 148; reciprocally & c. adj.
Phr. " happy in our mutual help " [Milton].
#13. Identity. -- N. identity, sameness; coincidence, coalescence;
convertibility; equality &c. 27; selfness, self, oneself; identification.
monotony, tautology &c. (repetition) 104.
facsimile &c. (copy) 21; homoousia: alter ego &c. (similar) 17;
ipsissima verba &c. (exactness) 494; same; self, very , one and the same;
very thing, actual thing; real McCoy; no other; one and only; in the flesh.
V. be identical &c. adj.; coincide, coalesce, merge.
treat as the same, render the same, identical; identify; recognize
the identity of, .
Adj. identical; self, ilk; the same &c. n. selfsame, one and the same,
homoousian.
coincide, coalescent, coalescing; indistinguishable; one; equivalent
&c. (equal) 27; tweedle dee and tweedle dum; much the same, of a muchness;
unaltered. .
Adv. identically &c. adj.; on all fours.
#14. [Noncoincidence.] Contrariety. N. contrariety, contrast, foil,
antithesis, oppositeness; contradiction; antagonism &c. (opposition) 708;
clashing, repugnance.
inversion &c. 218; the opposite, the reverse, the inverse, the
converse, the antipodes, the antithesis, the other extreme.
V. be contrary &c. adj.; contrast with, oppose; diller toto coelo.
invert, reverse, turn the tables; turn topsy-turvy, turn end for end,
turn upside down, turn inside out.
contradict, contravene; antagonize &c.. 708.
Adj. contrary, contrarious, contrariant; opposite, counter, dead
against; converse, reverse; opposed, antithetical, contrasted, antipodean,
antagonistic, opposing; conflicting, inconsistent, contradictory, at cross
purposes; negative; hostile &c.. 703. differing toto coelo; diametrically
opposite; diametrically opposed; as opposite as black and white, as
opposite as light and darkness, as opposite as fire and water, as opposite
as the poles; as different as night and day; " Hyperion to a satyr"[
Hamlet]; quite the contrary, quite the reverse ;no such thing, just the
other way, tout au contraire.
Adv. contrarily &c. adj.; contra, contrariwise, per contra, on the
contrary, nay rather; vice versa; on the other hand &c. (in compensation)
30.
Phr. " all concord's born of contraries " [B. Jonson]. Thesis,
antithesis, synthesis [Marx]
#15. Difference. -- N. difference; variance, variation, variety;
diversity, dissimilarity &c.. 18; disagreement &c. 24; disparity &c.
(inequality) 28; distinction, contradistinction; alteration.
modification, permutation, moods and tenses.
nice distinction, fine distinction, delicate distinction, subtle
distinction; shade of difference, nuance; discrimination &c.. 465;
differentia.
different thing, something else, apple off another tree, another pair
of shoes; horse of a different color; this that or the other.
V. be different &c. adj.; differ, vary, ablude|, mismatch, contrast;
divaricate; differ toto coelo, differ longo intervallo.
vary, modify &c.. (change) 140.
discriminate &c. 465.
Adj. differing &c.. v.; different, diverse, heterogeneous,
multifarious, polyglot; distinguishable, dissimilar; varied, modified;
diversified, various, divers, all manner of, all kinds of; variform &c. 81;
daedal.
other, another, not the same; unequal &c. 28. unmatched; widely apart,
poles apart, distinctive, characteristic, ; discriminative; distinguishing.
Adv. differently &c. adj.
Phr. il y a fagots et fagots.
<-- p. 5 -->
2. CONTINUOUS RELATION
#16. Uniformity. -- N. uniformity; homogeneity, homogeneousness;
consistency; connaturality, connaturalness; homology; accordance;
conformity &c. 82; agreement &c. 23; consonance, uniformness. regularity,
constancy, even tenor,.routine; monotony.
V. be uniform &c. adj.; accord with &c.. 23; run through.
become uniform &c. adj.; conform to &c. 82.
render uniform, homogenize &c. adj.; assimilate, level, smooth, dress.
Adj. uniform; homogeneous, homologous;of a piece, consistent, connatural;
monotonous, even, invariable; regular, unchanged, undeviating, unvaried,
unvarying.
Adv. uniformly &c. adj.; uniformly with &c. (conformably) 82; in harmony
with &c.. (agreeing) 23.
always, invariably, without exception, without fail, unfailingly,
never otherwise; by clockwork.
Phr. ab uno disce omnes.
3. PARTIAL RELATION
#16a. [Absence or want of uniformity.] Nonuniformity. -- N. diversity,
irregularity, unevenness; multiformity &c. 81; unconformity &c. 83;
roughness &c. 256; dissimilarity, dissimilitude, divarication, divergence.
Adj. diversified varied, irregular, uneven, rough &c. 256;
multifarious; multiform &c. 81; of various kinds; all manner of, all sorts
of, all kinds of.
Adv. variously, in all manner of ways, here there and everywhere.
#17. Similarity. -- N. similarity, resemblance, likeness, similitude,
semblance; affinity, approximation, parallelism; agreement &c. 23; analogy,
analogicalness; correspondence, homoiousia, parity.
connaturalness, connaturality; brotherhood, family likeness.
alliteration, rhyme, pun.
repetition &c. 104; sameness &c. (identity) 13; uniformity &c. 16;
isogamy.
analogue; the like; match, pendant, fellow companion, pair, mate,
twin, double, counterpart, brother, sister; one's second self, alter ego,
chip of the old block, par nobile fratrum, Arcades ambo, birds of a
feather, et hoc genus omne; gens de meme famille.
parallel; simile; type &c. (metaphor) 521; image &c. (representation)
554; photograph; close resemblance, striking resemblance, speaking
resemblance, faithful likeness, faithful resemblance.
V. be similar &c. adj.; look like, resemble, bear resemblance; smack
of, savor of,; approximate; parallel, match, rhyme with; take after;
imitate &c.. 19; favor, span [U. S.].
render similar &c. adj.; assimilate, approximate, bring near;
connaturalize, make alike; rhyme, pun.
Adj. similar; resembling &c. v.; like, alike; twin.
analogous, analogical; parallel, of a piece; such as, so; homoiousian.
connatural, congener, allied to; akin to &c. (consanguineous) 1 1.
approximate, much the same, near, close, something like, sort of, in
the ballpark, such like; a show of; mock, pseudo, simulating, representing.
exact &c. (true) 494; lifelike, faithful; true to nature, true to
life, the very image, the very picture of; for all the world like, comme
deux gouttes d'eau; as like as two peas in a pod, as like as it can stare;
instar omnium, cast in the same mold, ridiculously like.
Adv. as if, so to speak; as it were, as if it were; quasi, just as,
veluti in speculum.
Phr. et sic de similibus; tel maitre tel valet; tel pere tel fils;
like master, like servant; like father, like son; the fruit doesn't fall
far from the tree; a chip off the old block
<-- p. 6 -->
#18. Dissimilarity. -- N. dissimilarity, dissimilaritude; unlikeness,
diversity, disparity, dissemblance; divergence, variation.; difference &c.
15; novelty, originality; creativeness; oogamy.
V. be unlike &c. adj.; vary &c. (differ) 15; bear no resemblance to,
differ toto coelo.
render unlike &c. adj.; vary &c. (diversify) 140.
Adj. dissimilar, unlike, disparate; divergent; of a different kind &c.
(class) 75 unmatched, unique; new, novel; unprecedented &c. 83; original.
nothing of the kind; no such thing, quite another thing; far from it,
cast in a different mold, tertium quid, as like a dock as a daisy, "very
like a whale " [Hamlet]; as different as chalk from cheese, as different
as Macedon and Monmouth; lucus a non lucendo.
diversified &c. 16a.
Adv. otherwise.
Phr. diis aliter visum; " no more like my father than I to Hercules"
[Hamlet].
#19. Imitation. -- N. imitation; copying &c. v.; transcription;
repetition, duplication, reduplication; quotation; reproduction;
mimeograph, xerox, facsimile; reprint, offprint.
mockery, mimiery; simulation, impersonation, personation;
representation &c. 554; semblance; copy &c. 21; assimilation.
paraphrase, parody &c. 21.
plagiarism; forgery, counterfeit &c. (falsehood) 544; celluloid.
imitator, echo, cuckoo|, parrot, ape, monkey, mocking bird, mime;
copyist, copycat; plagiarist, pirate.
V. imitate, copy, mirror, reflect, reproduce, repeat; do like, echo,
reecho, catch; transcribe; match, parallel.
mock, take off, mimic, ape, simulate, impersonate, personate; act &c.
(drama) 599; represent &c.. 554; counterfeit, parody, travesty, caricature,
burlesque.
follow in the steps of, tread in the steps, follow in the footsteps
of, follow in the wake of; take pattern by; follow suit, follow the
example of; walk in the shoes of, take a leaf out of another's book, strike
in with, follow suit; take after, model after; emulate.
Adj. imitated &c. v.; mock, mimic; modelled after, molded on.
paraphrastic; literal; imitative; secondhand; imitable; aping, apish,
mimicking.
Adv. literally, to the letter, verbatim, literatim, sic, totidem
verbis, word for word, mot a mot; exactly, precisely.
Phr.like master like man; " like - but oh! how different! "
[Wordsworthl; " genius borrows nobly " [Emerson]; pursuing echoes calling
'mong the rocks " [A. Coles]; " quotation confesses inferiority "
[Emerson].
#20. Nonimitation. -- N. no imitation; originality; creativeness.
invention, creation.
Adj. unimitated, uncopied; unmatched, unparalleled; inimitable &c. 13;
unique, original; creative, inventive, untranslated; exceptional, rare, sui
generis uncommon, unexampled.
#20a. Variation. -- N. variation; alteration &c.. (change) 140.
modification, moods and tenses; discrepance, discrepancy.
divergency &c.. 291; deviation &c. 279; aberration; innovation.
V. vary &c.. (change) 140; deviate &c. 279; diverge &c. 291; alternate,
swerve.
Adj. varied &c. v.; modified; diversified &c.. 16a.
#21. [Result of imitation.] Copy. -- N. copy, facsimile, xerox,
counterpart, effigies, effigy, form, likeness, image, picture, photo,
similitude, semblance, cast, tracing, ectype, photo offset, electrotype;
imitation &c. 19; model, representation, adumbration, study; portrait &c.
(representment) 554; resemblance.
duplicate; transcript, transcription; reflex, reflexion, reflection;
shadow, echo; recording, scan; chip off the old block; reprint,
reproduction; second edition &c. (repetition) 104; rechauffe; apograph,
fair copy, revise.
parody, caricature, burlesque, travesty, travestie, paraphrase.
[copy with some differences] derivative, modification, expansion,
extension.
servile copy, servile imitation; plagiarism, counterfeit, fake
&c.(deception) 545; pasticcio.
Adj. faithful; lifelike &c.. (similar) 17; close, conscientious.
unoriginal, imitative, derivative.
#22. [Thing copied.] Prototype. -- N. prototype, original, model,
pattern, precedent, standard, ideal, reference, scantling, type; archetype,
antitype; protoplast, module, exemplar, example, ensample, paradigm; lay-
figure.
text, copy, design; fugleman, keynote. die, mold; matrix, last, plasm;
proplasm, protoplasm; mint; seal, punch, intaglio, negative; stamp.
V. be an example, be a role model, set an example; set a copy. Phr. a
precedent embalms a principle [Disraeli]; exempla sunt odiosa.
<-- p. 7 -->
4. GENERAL RELATION
#23. Agreement. -- N. agreement; accord, accordance; unison, harmony;
concord &c. 714; concordance, concert; understanding, mutual understanding.
conformity &c.. 82; conformance; uniforinity &c.. 1*6; consonance,
consentaneousness, consistency; congruity, congruence; keeping;
congeniality; correspondence, parallelism, apposition, union.
fitness, aptness &c. adj.; relevancy; pertinence, pertinencey;
sortance|; case in point; aptitude, coaptation, propriety, applicability,
admissibility, commensurability, compatibility; cognation &c. (relation) 9.
adaption, adjustment, graduation, accommodation; reconciliation,
reconcilement; assimilation.
consent &c. (assent) 488; concurrence &c. 178; cooperation &c. 709.
right man in the right place, very thing,; quite the thing, just the
thing.
V. be accordant &c. adj.; agree, accord, harmonize; correspond, tally,
respond; meet, suit, fit, befit, do, adapt itself to; fall in with, chime
in with, square with, quadrate with, consort with, comport with; dovetail,
assimilate; fit like a glove, fit to a tittle, fit to a T; match &c. 17;
become one; homologate.
consent &c.. (assent) 488.
render accordant &c. adj.; fit, suit, adapt, accommodate; graduate;
adjust &c. (render, equal) 27; dress, regulate, readjust; accord,
harmonize,. reconcile; fadge, dovetail, square.
Adj. agreeing, suiting &c. v.; in accord, accordant, concordant,
consonant, congruous, consentaneous, correspondent, congenial; coherent;
becoming; harmonious reconcilable, conformable; in accordance with, in
harmony with, in keeping with, in unison with, &c. n.; at one with, of one
mind, of a piece; consistent, compatible, proportionate; commensurate; on
all fours.
apt, apposite, pertinent, pat; to the point, to the purpose; happy,
felicitous, germane, ad rem, in point, on point, directly on point, bearing
upon, applicable, relevant, admissible.
fit adapted, in loco, a propos, appropriate, seasonable, sortable,
suitable, idoneous, deft; meet &c. (expedient) 646.
at home, in one's proper element.
Adv. a propos of; pertinently &c.. adj.
Phr. rem acu tetigisti; if the shoe fits, wear it; the cap fits;
auxilia humilia firma consensus facit [Syrus]; discers concordia [Ovid].
<-- p. 8 -->
#24. Disagreement. -- N. disagreement; discord, discordance;
dissonance, dissidence, discrepancy; unconformity &c.. 83; incongruity,
incongruence; discongruity, mesalliance; jarring &c. v.; dissension &c.
713; conflict &c.. (opposition) 708; bickering, clashing, misunderstanding,
wrangle.
disparity, mismatch, disproportion; dissimilitude, inequality;
disproportionateness &c. adj.; variance, divergence, repugnance.
unfitness &c. adj.; inaptitude, impropriety; inapplicability &c..
adj.; inconsistency, inconcinnity; irrelevancy &c.. (irrelation) 10.
misjoining, misjoinder; syncretism, intrusion, interference; concordia
discors.
fish out of water.
V. disagree; clash, jar &c.. (discord) 713; interfere, intrude, come
amiss; not concern &c. 10; mismatch; humano capiti cervicem jungere
equinam.
Adj. disagreeing &c.. v.; discordant, discrepant; at variance, at war;
hostile, antagonistic, repugnant, incompatible, irreconcilable,
inconsistent with; unconformable, exceptional &c.. 83; intrusive,
incongruous; disproportionate, disproportionated; unharmonious;
unconsonant; divergent, repugnant to.
inapt, unapt, inappropriate, improper; unsuited, unsuitable;
inapplicable, not to the point; unfit, unfitting, unbefitting; unbecoming;
illtimed, unseasonable, mal a propos, inadmissible; inapposite &c..
(irrelevant) 10. uncongenial; ill-assorted, ill-sorted; mismatched,
misjoined, misplaced, misclassified; unaccommodating, irreducible,
uncommensurable; unsympathetic.
out of character, out of keeping, out of proportion, out of joint,
out of tune, out of place, out of season, out of its element; at odds
with, at variance with.
Adv. in defiance, in contempt,in spite of; discordantly &c. adj.; a
tort et a travers.
Phr. asinus ad lyram.
SECTION III. Q U A N T I T Y
1. SIMPLE QUANTITY
#25. [Absolute quantity.] Quantity. -- N. quantity, magnitude; size
&c. (dimensions) 192; amplitude, magnitude, mass, amount, sum, quantum,
measure, substance, strength, force.
[Science of quantity.] mathematics, mathesis.
[Logic.] category, general conception, universal predicament.
[Definite or finite quantity.] armful, handful, mouthful, spoonful,
capful; stock, batch, lot, dose; yaffle.
V. quantify, measure, fix, estimate, determine, quantitate, enumerate.
Adj. quantitative, some, any, aught, more or less, a few.
Adv. to the tune of, all of, a full, the sum of, fully, exactly,
precisely..
#26. [Relative quantity.] Degree. -- N. degree, grade, extent,
measure, amount, ratio, stint, standard, height, pitch; reach, amplitude,
range, scope, caliber; gradation, shade; tenor, compass; sphere, station,
rank, standing; rate, way, sort.
point, mark, stage &c.. (term) 71; intensity, strength &c. (greatness)
31.
Adj. comparative; gradual, shading off; within the bounds &c. (limit)
233.
Adv. by degrees, gradually, inasmuch, pro tanto; however, howsoever;
step by step, bit by bit, little by little, inch by inch, drop by drop; a
little at a time, by inches, by slow degrees, by degrees, by little and
little; in some degree, in some measure; to some extent; di grado in grado.
2. COMPARATIVE QUANTITY
#27. [Sameness of quantity or degree.] Equality. -- N. equality,
parity, coextension, symmetry, balance, poise; evenness, monotony, level.
equivalence; equipollence, equipoise, equilibrium, equiponderance;
par, quits, a wash; not a pin to choose; distinction without a difference,
six of one and half a dozen of the other; tweedle dee and tweedle dum;
identity &c. 13; similarity &c.. 17.
equalization, equation; equilibration, co*ordination, adjustment,
readjustment. drawn game, drawn battle; neck and neck race; tie, draw,
standoff, dead heat.
match, peer, compeer, equal, mate, fellow, brother; equivalent.
V. be equal &c.. adj.; equal, match,reach, keep pace with, run
abreast; come to, amount to, come up to; be on a level with, lie on a level
with; balance; cope with; come to the same thing.
render equal &c. adj.; equalize level, dress, balance, equate,
handicap, give points, spot points, handicap, trim, adjust, poise; fit,
accommodate; adapt &c. (render accordant) 23; strike a balance; establish
equality, restore equality, restore equilibrium; readjust; stretch on the
bed of Procrustes.
Adj. equal, even, level, monotonous, coequal, symmetrical, coordinate;
on a par with, on a level with, on a footing with; up to the mark;
equiparant.
equivalent, tantamount; indistinguishable; quits; homologous;
synonymous &c.. 522; resolvable into, convertible, much at one, as broad as
long, neither more nor less.; much the same as, the same thing as, as good
as; all one, all the same; equipollent, equiponderant, equiponderous,
equibalanced; equalized &c. v.; drawn; half and half; isochronal,
isochronous isoperimetric, isoperimetrical; isobath, isobathic.
Adv. equally &c. adj.; pari passu, ad eundum, caeteris paribus; in
equilibrio; to all intents and purposes.
Phr. it comes to the same thing, it amounts to the same thing; what
is sauce for the goose is sauce for the gander.
#28. [Difference of quantity or degree.] Inequality. -- N. inequality;
disparity, imparity; odds; difference &c. 15; unevenness; inclination of
the balance, partiality, bias, weight; shortcoming; casting weight, make-
weight; superiority &c. 33; inferiority &c. 34; inequation.
V. be unequal &c. adj.; countervail; have the advantage, give the
advantage; turn the scale; kick the beam; topple,topple over; overmatch
&c.. 33; not come up to &c. 34.
Adj. unequal, uneven, disparate, partial; unbalanced, overbalanced;
top-heavy, lopsided, biased, skewed; disquiparant.
Adv. haud passibus aequis [Vergil].
<-- p. 9 -->
#29. Mean. -- N. mean, medium, intermedium, average, balance,
mediocrity, generality;median, mode; golden mean &c. (mid-course) 628;
middle &c.. 68; compromise &c. 774; middle course, middle state;
neutrality.
V. split the difference; take the average &c. n.; reduce to a mean &c.
n.; strike a balance, pair off.
Adj. mean, intermediate; middle &c. 68; average; neutral.
mediocre, middle-class; commonplace &c. (unimportant) 643.
Adv. on an average, in the long run; taking one with another, taking
all things together, taking it for all in all; communibus annis, in round
numbers.
Phr. medium tenuere beati.
#30. Compensation. -- N. compensation, equation; commutation;
indemnification; compromise &c.. 774 neutralization, nullification;
counteraction &c. 179; reaction; measure for measure. retaliation &c. 718
equalization &c.. 27; robbing Peter to pay Paul.
set-off, offset; make-weight, casting-weight; counterpoise, ballast;
indemnity, equivalent, quid pro,quo; bribe, hush money; amends &c..
(atonement) 952; counterbalance, counterclaim; cross-debt, cross-demand.
V. make compensation; compensate, compense; indemnify; counteract,
countervall, counterpoise; balance; outbalance, overbalance,
counterbalance; set off; hedge, square, give and take; make up for, lee
way; cover, fill up, neutralize, nullify; equalize &c. 27; make good;
redeem &c. (atone) 952.
Adj. compensating, compensatory; countervailing &c. v.; in the
opposite scale; equivalent &c.. (equal) 27.
Adv. in return, in consideration; but, however, yet, still,
notwithstanding; nevertheless, nathless, none the less; although, though;
albeit, howbeit; mauger; at all events, at any rate; be that as it may, for
all that, even so, on the other, hand, at the same time, quoad minus, quand
meme, however that may be; after all is said and done; taking one thing
with another &c. (average) 29.
Phr. " light is mingled with the gloom " [Whittier]; every dark cloud
has a silver lining; primo avulso non deficit alter [Vergil]; saepe creat
molles aspera spina rosas [Ovid].
QUANTITY BY COMPARISON WITH A STANDARD
#31. Greatness. -- N. greatness &c. adj.; magnitude; size &c.
(dimensions) 192; multitude &c. (number) 102; immensity; enormity; infinity
&c. 105; might, strength, intensity, fullness; importance &c. 642.
great quantity, quantity, deal, power, sight, pot, volume, world;
mass, heap &c. (assemblage) 72; stock &c. (store) 636; peck, bushel, load,
cargo; cartload, wagonload, shipload; flood, spring tide; abundance &c.
(sufficiency) 639.
principal part, chief part, main part, greater part, major part, best
part, essential part ; bulk, mass &c. (whole) 50.
V. be great &c. adj.; run high, soar, tower, transcend; rise to a
great height, carry to a great height; know no bounds; ascend, mount.
enlarge &c.. (increase) 35, (expand) 194.
Adj. great; greater &c. 33; large, considerable, fair, above par; big,
huge &c.. (large in size) 192; Herculean, cyclopean; ample; abundant &c..
(enough) 639 full, intense, strong, sound, passing, heavy, plenary, deep,
high; signal, at its height, in the zenith.
world-wide, widespread, far-famed, extensive; wholesale; many &c. 102.
goodly, noble, precious, mighty; sad, grave, heavy, serious; far gone,
arrant, downright; utter, uttermost; crass, gross, arch, profound, intense,
consummate; rank, uninitiated, red-hot, desperate; glaring, flagrant, stark
staring; thorough-paced, thoroughgoing; roaring, thumping; extraordinary.;
important &c. 642; unsurpassed &c. (supreme) 33; complete &c. 52. august,
grand, dignified, sublime, majestic &c. (repute) 873.
vast, immense, enormous, extreme; inordinate, excessive, extravagant,
exorbitant, outrageous, preposterous, unconscionable, swinging, monstrous,
overgrown; towering, stupendous, prodigious, astonishing, incredible;
marvelous &c..
870.
unlimited &c.. (infinite) 105; unapproachable, unutterable,
indescribable, ineffable, unspeakable, inexpressible, beyond expression,
fabulous.
undiminished, unabated, unreduced, unrestricted.
absolute, positive, stark, decided, unequivocal, essential, perfect,
finished.
remarkable, of mark, marked, pointed, veriest; noteworthy; renowned.
Adv. [in a positive degree] truly &c. (truth) 494; decidedly,
unequivocally, purely, absolutely, seriously, essentially, fundamentally,
radically, downright, in all conscience; for the most part, in the main.
[in a complete degree] entirely &c. (completely) 52; abundantly &c.
(sufficiently) 639; widely, far and wide.
[in a great or high degree] greatly &c. adj.; much, muckle, well,
indeed, very, very much, a deal, no end of, most, not a little; pretty,
pretty well; enough, in a great measure, richly; to a large extent, to a
great extent, to a gigantic extent; on a large scale; so; never so, ever
so; ever so dole; scrap, shred, tag, splinter, rag, much; by wholesale;
mighty, powerfully; with a witness, ultra, in the extreme, extremely,
exceedingly, intensely, exquisitely, acutely, indefinitely, immeasurably;
beyond compare, beyond comparison, beyond measure, beyond all bounds;
incalculably, infinitely.
[in a supreme degree] preeminently, superlatively &c. (superiority)
33.
[in a too great degree] immoderately, monstrously, preposterously,
inordinately, exorbitantly, excessively, enormously, out of all proportion,
with a vengeance.
[in a marked degree] particularly, remarkably, singularly, curiously,
uncommonly, unusually, peculiarly, notably, signally, strikingly,
pointedly, mainly, chiefly; famously, egregiously, prominently, glaringly,
emphatically, <gr/kat ezochin/>, strangely, wonderfully, amazingly,
surprisingly, astonishingly, incredibly, marvelously, awfully,
stupendously.
[in an exceptional degree] peculiarly &c.. (unconformity) 83.
[in a violent degree] furiously &c. (violence) 173; severely,
desperately, tremendously, extravagantly, confoundedly, deucedly,
devilishly, with a vengeance; a outrance, a toute outrance.
[in a painful degree] painfully, sadly, grossly, sorely, bitterly,
piteously, grievously, miserably, cruelly, woefully, lamentably,
shockingly, frightfully, dreadfully, fearfully, terribly, horribly.
Phr. a maximis ad minima; " greatness knows itself" [Henry IV]; "
mightiest powers by deepest calms are fed " [B. Cornwall]; minimum decet
libere cui multum licet [Seneca]; " some are born great, some achieve
greatness, and some have greatness thrust upon them " [Twelfth Night].
<-- p. 10 -->
#32. Smallness. -- N. smallness &c. adj.; littleness &c.. (small size)
193; tenuity; paucity; fewness &c (small number) 103; meanness,
insignificance (unimportance) 643; mediocrity, moderation.
small quantity, modicum, trace, hint, minimum; vanishing point;
material point, atom, particle, molecule, corpuscle, point, speck, dot,
mote, jot, iota, ace; minutiae, details; look, thought, idea, soupcon, dab,
dight, whit, tittle, shade, shadow; spark, scintilla, gleam; touch, cast;
grain, scruple, granule, globule, minim, sup, sip, sop, spice, drop,
droplet, sprinkling, dash, morceau, screed, smack, tinge, tincture; inch,
patch, scantling,
tatter, cantlet, flitter, gobbet, mite, bit, morsel, crumb, seed, fritter,
shive; snip, snippet; snick, snack, snatch, slip, scrag; chip, chipping;
shiver, sliver, driblet, clipping, paring, shaving, hair.
nutshell; thimbleful, spoonful, handful, capful, mouthful; fragment;
fraction &c. (part) 51; drop in the ocean.
animalcule &c. 193.
trifle &c. (unimportant thing) 643; mere nothing, next to nothing;
hardly anything; just enough to swear by; the shadow of a shade.
finiteness, finite quantity.
V. be small &c. adj.; lie in a nutshell.
diminish &c. (decrease) 36; (contract) 195.
Adj. small, little; diminutive &c. (small in size) 193; minute; fine;
inconsiderable, paltry &c. (unimportant) 643; faint &c. (weak) 160;
slender, light, slight, scanty, scant, limited; meager &c. (insufficient)
640; sparing; few &c. 103; low, so-so, middling, tolerable, no great
shakes; below par, under par, below the mark; at a low ebb; halfway;
moderate, modest; tender, subtle.
inappreciable, evanescent, infinitesimal, homeopathic, very small;
atomic, corpuscular, microscopic, molecular, subatomic.
mere, simple, sheer, stark, bare; near run.
dull, petty, shallow, stolid, ungifted, unintelligent.
Adv. [in a small degree] to a small extent, on a small scale; a little
bit, a wee bit; slightly &c. adj.; imperceptibly; miserably, wretchedly;
insufficiently &c. 640; imperfectly; faintly &c. 160; passably, pretty
well, well enough.
[in a certain or limited degree] partially, in part; in a certain
degree, to a certain degree; to a certain extent; comparatively; some,
rather in some degree, in some measure; something, somewhat; simply, only,
purely, merely; at least, at the least, at most, at the most; ever so
little, as little as may be, tant soit peu, in ever so small a degree; thus
far, pro tanto, within bounds, in a manner, after a fashion, so to speak.
almost, nearly, well-nigh, short of, not quite, all but; near upon,
close upon; peu s'en faut, near the mark; within an ace of, within an inch
of; on the brink of; scarcely, hardly, barely, only just, no more than. [in
an uncertain degree] about, thereabouts, somewhere about, nearly, say; be
the same, be little more or less. [in no degree] no ways, no way, no wise;
not at all, not in the least, not a bit, not a bit of it, not a whit, not a
jot, not a shadow; in no wise, in no respect; by no means, by no manner of
means; on no account, at no hand.
Phr. dare pondus idonea fumo [Persius]; magno conatu magnas nugas
[Terence]; " small sands the mountain, moments make the year [Young].
<-- p. 11 -->
QUANTITY BY COMPARISON WITH A SIMILAR OBJECT
#33. Superiority. [Supremacy.] -- N. superiority, majority; greatness
&c.. 31; advantage; pull; preponderance, preponderation; vantage ground,
prevalence, partiality; personal superiority; nobility &c.. (rank) 875;
Triton among the minnows, primus inter pares, nulli secundus, captain;
crackajack * [U. S.].
supremacy, preeminence; lead; maximum; record; <gr/trikumia/>, climax;
culmination &c. (summit) 210; transcendence; ne plus ultra; lion's share,
Benjamin's mess; excess, surplus &c. (remainder) 40; (redundance) 641.
V. be superior &c.. adj.; exceed, excel, transcend; outdo, outbalance,
outweigh, outrank, outrival, out-Herod; pass, surpass, get ahead of; over-
top, override, overpass, overbalance, overweigh, overmatch; top, o'ertop,
cap, beat, cut out; beat hollow; outstrip &c.. 303; eclipse, throw into the
shade, take the shine out of, outshine, put one's nose out of joint; have
the upper hand, have the whip hand of, have the advantage; turn the scale,
kick the beam; play first fiddle &c.. (importance) 642,; preponderate,
predominate, prevail; precede, take precedence, come first; come to a
head, culminate; beat &c. all others,
bear the palm; break the record; take the cake * [U. S.].
become larger, render larger &c.. (increase) 35, (expand) 194.
Adj. superior, greater, major, higher; exceeding &c. v.;great &c. 31;
distinguished, ultra; vaulting; more than a match for.
supreme, greatest, utmost, paramount, preeminent, foremost, crowning;
first-rate &c. (important) 642, (excellent) 648; unrivaled peerless,
matchless; none such, second to none, sans pareil; unparagoned,
unparalleled, unequalled, unapproached, unsurpassed; superlative,
inimitable facile princeps, incomparable, sovereign, without parallel,
nulli secundus, ne plus ultra; beyond compare, beyond comparison;
culminating &c. (topmost) 210; transcendent, transcendental;plus royaliste
que le Roi, more catholic than the Pope
increased &c. (added to) 35; enlarged &c. (expanded) 194.
Adv. beyond, more, over; over the mark, above the mark; above par;
upwards of, in advance of; over and above; at the top of the scale, at its
height.
[in a superior or supreme degree] eminently, egregiously,
preeminently, surpassing, prominently, superlatively, supremely, above all,
of all things, the most, to crown all, <gr/kat ezokin/gr>, par excellence,
principally, especially, particularly, peculiarly, a fortiori, even, yea,
still more.
Phr. " I shall not look upon his like again " [Hamlet]; deos fortioribus
addesse [Tacitus].
<-- p. 12 -->
#34. Inferiority. -- N. inferiority, minority, subordinacy;
shortcoming, deficiency; minimum; smallness &c. 32; imperfection; lower
quality, lower worth.
[personal inferiority] commonalty &c. 876.
V. be inferior &c. adj.; fall short of, come short of; not pass, not
come up to; want.
become smaller, render smaller &c. (decrease) 36, (contract) 195; hide
its diminished head, retire into the shade, yield the palm, play second
fiddle, be upstaged, take a back seat.
Adj. inferior, smaller; small &c. 32; minor, less, lesser, deficient,
minus, lower, subordinate, secondary; secondrate &c.. (imperfect) 651; sub,
subaltern; thrown into the shade; weighed in the balance and found wanting;
not fit to hold a candle to, can't hold a candle to.
least, smallest &c. (see little, small &c. 193); lowest.
diminished &c. (decreased) 36; reduced &c. (contracted) 195;
unimportant &c. 643.
Adv. less; under the mark, below the mark,below par; at the bottom of the
scale, at a low ebb, at a disadvantage; short of, under.
CHANGES IN QUANTITY
#35. Increase. -- N. increase, augmentation, enlargement, extension;
dilatation &c. (expansion) 194; increment, accretion; accession &c. 37;
development, growth; aggrandizement, aggravation; rise; ascent &c. 305;
exaggeration exacerbation; spread &c. (dispersion) 73; flood tide; gain,
produce, product, profit.
V. increase, augment, add to, enlarge;. dilate &c. (expand) 194; grow,
wax, get ahead. gain strength; advance; run up, shoot up; rise; ascend &c.
305; sprout &c. 194.
aggrandize; raise, exalt; deepen, heighten; strengthen; intensify,
enhance, magnify, redouble; aggravate, exaggerate; exasperate, exacerbate;
add fuel to the flame, oleum addere camino, superadd &c. (add) 37; spread
&c. (disperse) 73.
Adj. increased &c. v.; on the increase, undiminished; additional &c.
(added) 37.
Adv. crescendo.
Phr. vires acquirit eundo [Vergil].
#36. Nonincrease, Decrease. -- N. decrease, diminution; lessening &c.
v.; subtraction &c. 38; reduction, abatement, declension; shrinking &c.
(contraction.) 195; coarctation|; abridgment &c. (shortening) 201;
extenuation.
subsidence, wane, ebb, decline; ebbing; descent &c. 306; decrement,
reflux, depreciation; deterioration &c. 659; anticlimax; mitigation &c.
(moderation) 174.
V. decrease, diminish, lessen; abridge &c. (shorten) 201; shrink &c.
(contract) 195; drop off, fall off, tail off; fall away, waste, wear; wane,
ebb, decline; descend &c. 306; subside; melt away, die away; retire into
the shade, hide its diminished head, fall to a low ebb, run low, languish,
decay, crumble.
bate, abate, dequantitate|; discount; depreciate; extenuate, lower,
weaken, attenuate, fritter away; mitigate &c. (moderate) 174; dwarf, throw
into the shade; reduce &c. 195; shorten &c. 201; subtract &c. 38.
Adj. unincreased &c. (see increase &c.35); decreased &c. v.; decreasing &c.
v.; on the wane &c. n.
Phr. " a gilded halo hovering round decay " [Byron); " fine by degrees
and beautifully less " [Prior].
<-- p. 13 -->
3. CONJUNCTIVE QUANTITY
#37. Addition. -- N. addition, annexation, adjection; junction &c. 43;
superposition, superaddition, superjunction, superfetation; accession,
reinforcement; increase &c. 35; increment, supplement; accompaniment &c.
88; interposition &c. 228; insertion &c. 300.
V. add, annex, affix, superadd, subjoin, superpose; clap on, saddle
on; tack to, append, tag; ingraft; saddle with; sprinkle; introduce &c.
(interpose) 228; insert &c. 300.
become added, accrue; advene, supervene.
reenforce, restrengthen; reinforce, swell the ranks of; augment &c.
35.
Adj. added &c. v.; additional; supplemental, supplementary;
suppletory, subjunctive; adjectitious, adscititious, ascititious; additive,
extra, accessory.
Adv. au reste, in addition, more, plus, extra; and, also, likewise,
too, furthermore, further, item; and also, and eke; else, besides, to boot,
et cetera; &c.; and so on, and so forth; into the bargain, cum multis
aliis, over and above, moreover.
with, withal; including, inclusive, as well as, not to mention, let
alone; together with, along with, coupled with, in conjunction with;
conjointly; jointly &c. 43.
Phr. adde parvum parvo magnus acervus erit.
#38. Nonaddition. Subduction. - N. subduction, subtraction; deduction,
retrenchment; removal; ablation, sublation; abstraction &c. (taking) 789;
garbling,, &c. v. mutilation, detruncation; amputation; abscision,
excision, recision; curtailment &c. 201; minuend, subtrahend; decrease &c.
36; abrasion.
V. subduct, subtract; deduct, deduce; bate, retrench; remove,
withdraw; take from, take away; detract.
garble, mutilate, amputate, detruncate; cut off, cut away, cut out;
abscind, excise; pare, thin, prune, decimate; abrade, scrape, file; geld,
castrate; eliminate.
diminish &c. 36; curtail &c. (shorten) 201; deprive of &c. (take) 789;
weaken.
Adj. subtracted &c. v.; subtractive.
Adv. in deduction &c. n.; less; short of; minus, without, except,
excepting, with the exception of, barring, save, exclusive of, save and
except, with a reservation.
#39. [Thing added] Adjunct. -- N. adjunct; addition, additament;
additum, affix, appelidage, annexe, annex; augment, augmentation;
increment, reinforcement, supernumerary, accessory, item; garnish, sauce;
accompaniment &c. 88; adjective, addendum; complement, supplement;
continuation.
rider, offshoot, episode, side issue, corollary; piece; flap, lappet,
skirt, embroidery, trappings, cortege; tail, suffix &c. (sequel) 65; wing.
Adj. additional &c. 37. alate, alated; winged.
Adv. in addition &c. 37.
#40. [Thing remaining.] Remainder. -- N.
remainder, residue; remains, remanet, remnant, rest, relic;
leavings, heeltap, odds and ends, cheesepairings, candle ends, orts;
residuum; dregs &c. (dirt) 653; refuse &c. (useless) 645; stubble, result,
educt; fag-end; ruins, wreck, skeleton., stump; alluvium.
surplus, overplus, excess; balance, complement; superplus, surplusage;
superfluity &c.(redundance) 641; survival, survivance.
V. remain,; be left &c. adj.; exceed, survive; leave.
Adj.remaining, left; left behind left over; residual, residuary; over,
odd; unconsumed, sedimentary; surviving; net; exceeding, over and above;
outlying, outstanding; cast off &c. 782; superfluous &c. (redundant) 641.
#40a. [Thing deducted.] Decrement. -- N. decrement, discount, defect,
loss, deduction; afterglow; eduction; waste.
<-- p. 14 -->
#41. [Forming a whole without coherence.] Mixture. -- N. mixture,
admixture, commixture, commixtion; commixion, intermixture, alloyage,
matrimony; junction &c. 43; combination &c. 48; miscegenation.
impregnation; infusion, diffusion suffusion, transfusion;
infiltration; seasoning, sprinkling, interlarding; interpolation &c. 228
adulteration, sophistication.
[Thing mixed] tinge, tincture, touch, dash, smack, sprinkling, spice,
seasoning, infusion, soupcon.
[Compound resulting from mixture] alloy, amalgam; brass, chowchow,
pewter; magma, half-and-half, melange, tertium quid, miscellany, ambigu|,
medley, mess, hotchpot, pasticcio, patchwork, odds and ends, all sorts;
jumble &c. (disorder) 59; salad, sauce, mash, omnium gatherum, gallimaufry,
olla-podrida, olio, salmagundi, potpourri, Noah's ark, caldron texture,
mingled yarn; mosaic &c. (variegation) 440.
half-blood, half-caste. mulatto; terceron, quarteron, quinteron
&c.;.quadroon, octoroon; griffo, zambo; cafuzo; Eurasian; fustee, fustie;
grimffe, ladino, marabou, mestee, mestizo, quintroon, sacatra [U. S.]
zebrule; catalo; cross, hybrid, mongrel.
V. mix; join &c. 43; combine &c. 48; commix, immix, intermix; mix up
with, mingle; commingle, intermingle, bemingle; shuffle &c. (derange) 61;
pound together; hash up, stir up; knead, brew; impregnate with; interlard
&c. (interpolate) 228; intertwine, interweave &c. 219; associate with;
miscegenate.
be mixed &c.; get among, be entangled with.
instil, imbue; infuse, suffuse, transfuse; infiltrate, dash, tinge,
tincture, season, sprinkle, besprinkle, attemper, medicate, blend, cross;
alloy, amalgamate, compound, adulterate, sophisticate, infect.
Adj. mixed &c. v.; implex, composite, half-and-half, linsey-woolsey,
chowchow, hybrid, mongrel, heterogeneous; motley &c. (variegated) 440;
miscellaneous, promiscuous, indiscriminate; miscible.
Adv. among, amongst, amid, amidst; with; in the midst of, in the crowd.
#42. [Freedom from mixture.] Simpleness. -- N. simpleness &c. adj.;
purity, homogeneity.
elimination; sifting &c. v.; purification &c. (cleanness) 652.
V. render simple &c. adj.; simplify.
sift, winnow, bolt, eliminate; exclude, get rid of; clear; purify &c.
(clean) 652; disentangle &c. (disjoin) 44.
Adj. simple, uniform, of a piece, homogeneous, single, pure, sheer,
neat.
unmixed, unmingled, unblended, uncombined, uncompounded; elementary,
undecomposed; unadulterated, unsophisticated, unalloyed, untinged,
unfortified, pur et simple; incomplex.
free from, exempt from; exclusive.
Adv. simple &c. adj. only.
#43. Junction. -- N. junction; joining &c. v.; joinder, union
connection, conjunction, cojugation; annexion, annexation, annexment;
astriction, attachment, compagination, vincture, ligation, alligation;
accouplement; marriage &c. (wedlock,) 903; infibulation, inosculation,
symphysis, anastomosis, confluenee, communication, concatenation; meeting,
reunion; assemablage &c. 72.
coition, copulation;sex, sexual congress,sexual conjunction, sexual
intercourse, love-making.
joint, joining, juncture, pivot, hinge, articulation, commissure,
seam, gore, gusset, suture, stitch; link &c. 45; miter mortise.
closeness, tightness, &c. adj.; coherence &c. 46; combination &c. 48.
annexationist.
V. join, unite; conjoin, connect; associate; put together, lay
together, clap together, hang together, lump together, hold together, piece
together, tack together, fix together, bind up together together; embody,
reembody; roll into one.
attach, fix, affix, saddle on, fasten, bind, secure, clinch, twist,
make fast &c. adj.; tie, pinion, string, strap, sew, lace, stitch, tack,
knit, button, buckle, hitch, lash, truss, bandage, braid, splice, swathe,
gird, tether, moor, picket, harness, chain; fetter &c. (restrain) 751;
lock, latch, belay, brace, hook, grapple, leash, couple, accouple, link,
yoke, bracket; marry &c. (wed) 903; bridge over, span.
braze; pin, nail, bolt, hasp, clasp, clamp, screw, rivet; impact,
solder, set; weld together, fuse together; wedge, rabbet, mortise, miter,
jam, dovetail, enchase; graft, ingraft, inosculate; entwine, intwine;
interlink, interlace, intertwine, intertwist, interweave; entangle; twine
round, belay; tighten; trice up, screw up.
be joined &c.; hang together, hold together; cohere &c. 46.
Adj. joined &c. v.; joint; conjoint, conjunct; corporate, compact;
hand in hand.
firm, fast, close, tight, taut, taught, secure, set, intervolved |;
inseparable, indissoluble, insecable, severable.
Adv. jointly &c. adj.; in conjunction with &c. (in addition to) 37;
fast, firmly, &c. adj.; intimately.
Phr. tria juncta in uno.
<-- p. 15 -->
#44. Disjunction. -- N. disjunction, disconnection, disunity,
disunion, disassociation, disengagement; discontinuity &c. 70; abjunction;
cataclasm; inconnection; abstraction, abstractedness; isolation;
insularity, insulation; oasis; island; separateness &c. adj.; severalty;
disjecta membra; dispersion &c. 73; apportionment &c. 786.
separation; parting &c. v.; circumcision; detachment, segregation;
divorce, sejunction|, seposition|, diduction, diremption, discerption;
elision; caesura, break, fracture,
division, subdivision, rupture; compartition |; dismemberment,
dislocation; luxation; severance, disseverance; scission; rescission,
abscission; laceration, dilaceration; disruption, abruption; avulsion,
divulsion; section, resection, cleavage; fission; partibility,
separability.
fissure, breach, rent, split, rift, crack, slit, incision.
dissection anatomy; decomposition &c. 49; cutting instrument &c (shar
pness) 253; buzzsaw, circular saw, rip saw.
separatist.
V. be disjoined &c.; come off, fall off, come to pieces, fall to
pieces; peel off; get loose.
disjoin, disconnect, disengage, disunite, dissociate, dispair;
divorce, part, dispart, detach, separate, cut off, rescind, segregate; set
apart, keep apart; insulate,, isolate; throw out of gear; cut adrift;
loose; unloose, undo, unbind, unchain, unlock &c. (fix) 43, unpack,
unravel; disentangle; set free &c. (liberate) 750.
sunder, divide, subdivide, sever, dissever, abscind; circumcise; cut;
incide|, incise; saw, snip, nib, nip, cleave, rive, rend, slit, split,
splinter, chip, crack, snap, break, tear, burst; rend &c. rend asunder,
rend in twain; wrench, rupture, shatter, shiver, cranch, crunch, craunch,
chop; cut up, rip up; hack, hew, slash; whittle; haggle, hackle, discind|,
lacerate, scamble, mangle, gash, hash, slice.
cut up, carve, dissect, anatomize; dislimb; take to pieces, pull to
pieces, pick to pieces, tear to pieces; tear to tatters, tear piecemeal,
tear limb from limb; divellicate; skin &c. 226; disintegrate, dismember,
disbranch, disband; disperse &c. 73; dislocate, disjoint; break up; mince;
comminute &c. (pulverize) 330; apportion &c. 786.
part, part company; separate, leave.
Adj. disjoined &c. v.; discontinuous &c. 70; multipartite, abstract;
disjunctive; secant; isolated &c. v.; insular, separate, disparate,
discrete, apart, asunder, far between, loose, free; unattached, unannexed,
unassociated, unconnected; distinct; adrift; straggling; rift, reft.
[capable of being cut] scissile, divisible, discerptible, partible,
separable.
Adv. separately &c. adj.; one by one, severally, apart; adrift,
asunder, in twain; in the abstract, abstractedly.
#45. [Connecting medium.] Vinculum. -- N. vinculum, link; connective,
connection; junction &c. 43; bond of union, copula, intermedium, hyphen;
bracket; bridge, stepping-stone, isthmus.
bond, tendon, tendril; fiber; cord, cordage; ribband, ribbon, rope,
guy, cable, line, halser|, hawser, painter, moorings, wire, chain; string
&c. (filament) 205.
fastening, tie; ligament, ligature; strap; tackle, rigging.; standing
rigging, running rigging; traces, harness; yoke; band bandage; brace,
roller, fillet; inkle; with, withe, withy; thong, braid; girder, tiebeam;
girth, girdle, cestus, garter, halter, noose, lasso, surcingle, knot,
running knot; cabestro [U. S.], cinch [U. S.], lariat, legadero, oxreim;
suspenders.
<-- p. 16 -->
pin, corking pin, nail, brad, tack, skewer, staple, clamp; cramp,
cramp iron, detent, larigo, pawl, terret, treenail, screw, button, buckle,
clasp, hasp, hinge, hank, catch, latch, bolt, latchet, tag; tooth; hook,
hook and eye; lock, holdfast, padlock, rivet; anchor, grappling iron,
trennel, stake, post.
cement, glue, gum, paste, size, wafer, solder, lute, putty, birdlime,
mortar, stucco, plaster, grout; viscum.
shackle, rein &c. (means of restraint) 752; prop &c. (support) 215.
V. bridge over, span; connect &c. 43; hang &c. 214.
#46. Coherence. -- N. coherence, adherence, adhesion, adhesiveness;
concretion accretion; conglutination, agglutination, agglomeration;
aggregation; consolidation, set, cementation; sticking, soldering &c. v.;
connection; dependence.
tenacity, toughness; stickiness &c. 352; inseparability,
inseparableness; bur, remora.
conglomerate, concrete &c. (density) 321.
V. cohere, adhere, stick, cling, cleave, hold, take hold of, hold
fast, close with, clasp, hug; grow together, hang together; twine round &c.
(join) 43.
stick like a leech, stick like wax; stick close;
cling like ivy, cling like a bur; adhere like a remora, adhere like
Dejanira's shirt.
glue; agglutinate, conglutinate; cement, lute, paste, gum; solder,
weld; cake, consolidate &c. (solidify) 321; agglomerate.
Adj. cohesive, adhesive, adhering, cohering &c. v.; tenacious, tough;
sticky &c. 352.
united, unseparated, unsessile, inseparable, inextricable,
infrangible; compact &c. (dense) 321.
#47. [Want of adhesion, nonadhesion, immiscibility.] Incoherence. - N.
nonadhesion; immiscibility; incoherence; looseness &c. adj.; laxity;
relaxation; loosening &c. v.; freedom; disjunction &c. 44; rope of sand.
V. make loose &c. adj.; loosen, slacken, relax; unglue &c. 46; detach
&c. (disjoin) 44.
Adj. nonadhesive, immiscible; incoherent, detached, loose, baggy,
slack, lax, relaxed, flapping, streaming; disheveled; segregated, like
grains of sand unconsolidated &c. 231, uncombined &c. 48; noncohesive.
#48. Combination. -- N. combination; mixture &c. 41; junction &c. 43;
union, unification, synthesis, incorporation, amalgamation, embodiment,
coalescence, crasis, fusion, blending, absorption, centralization.
alloy, compound, amalgam, composition, tertiun quid; resultant,
impregnation.
V. combine, unite, incorporate, amalgamate, embody, absorb, reembody,
blend, merge, fuse, melt into one, consolidate, coalesce, centralize,
impregnate; put together, lump together; cement a union, marry.
Adj. combined &c. v.; impregnated with, ingrained; imbued inoculated.
#49. Decomposition. -- N. decomposition, analysis, dissection,
resolution, catalysis, dissolution; corruption &c. (uncleanness) 653;
dispersion &c. 73; disunction &c. 44; disintegration.
V. decompose, decompound; analyze, disembody, dissolve; resolve into
its elements, separate into its elements; electrolyze; dissect,
decentralize, break up; disperse &c. 73; unravel &c. (unroll) 313; crumble
into dust.
Adj. decomposed &c. v.; catalytic, analytical; resolvent, separative,
solvent.
<-- p. 17 -->
4. CONCRETE QUANTITY
#50. Whole. [Principal part.] -- N. whole, totality, integrity;
totalness &c. adj.; entirety, ensemble, collectiveness; unity &c. 87;
completeness &c. 52; indivisibility, indiscerptibility; integration,
embodiment; integer.
all, the whole, total, aggregate, one and all, gross amount, sum, sum
total, tout ensemble, length and breadth of,
Alpha and Omega, " be all and end all "; complex, complexus ; lock stock
and barrel.
bulk, mass, lump, tissue, staple, body, compages; trunk, torso, bole,
hull, hulk, skeleton greater part, major part, best part, principal part,
main part; essential part &c. (importance). 642; lion's share, Benjamin's
mess; the long and the short; nearly, all, almost all.
V. form a whole, constitute a whole; integrate, embody, amass;
aggregate &c. (assemble) 72; amount to, come to.
Adj. whole, total, integral, entire; complete &c. 52; one, individual.
unbroken, uncut, undivided, unsevered, unclipped uncropped, unshorn;
seamless; undiminished; undemolished, undissolved, undestroyed, unbruised.
indivisible, indissoluble, indissolvable, indiscerptible.
wholesale, sweeping; comprehensive.
Adv. wholly, altogeher; totally &c. (completely) 52; entirely, all,
all in all, wholesale, in a body, collectively, all put together; in the
aggregate, in the lump, in the mass, in the gross, in the main, in the long
run; en masse, on the whole, bodily, en bloc, in extenso, throughout, every
inch; substantially.
Phr. tout bien ou rien.
#51. Part. -- N. part, portion; dose; item, particular; aught, any;
division, ward; subdivision, section; chapter, clause, count, paragraph,
verse; article, passage; sector, segment; fraction, fragment; cantle,
frustum; detachment, parcel.
piece, lump, bit cut, cutting; chip, chunk, collop, slice, scale;
lamina &c. 204; small part; morsel, particle &c. (smallness) 32;
installment, dividend; share &c. (allotment) 786.
debris, odds and ends, oddments, detritus; excerpta; member, limb,
lobe, lobule, arm, wing, scion, branch, bough, joint, link, offshoot,
ramification, twig, bush, spray, sprig; runner; leaf, leaflet; stump;
component part &c. 56; sarmentum.
compartment; department &c. (class) 75; county &c. (region) 181.
V. part, divide, break &c. (disjoin) 44; partition &c. (apportion)
786.
Adj. fractional, fragmentary; sectional, aliquot; divided &c. v.; in
compartments, multifid; disconnected; partial.
Adv. partly, in part, partially; piecemeal, part by part; by by
installments,by snatches, by inches, by driblets; bit by bit, inch by inch,
foot by foot, drop by drop; in detail, in lots.
#52. Completeness. -- N. completeness &c. adj.; completion &c. 729;
integration; allness.
entirety; perfection &c. 650; solidity, solidarity; unity; all; ne
plus ultra, ideal, limit.
complement, supplement, make-weight; filling, up &c. v.
impletion; saturation, saturity|; high water; high tide, flood tide,
spring tide; fill, load, bumper, bellyful; brimmer; sufficiency &c. 639.
V. be complete &c. adj.; come to a head.
render complete &c. adj.; complete &c. (accomplish) 729; fill, charge,
load, replenish; make up, make good; piece out, eke out; supply
deficiencies; fill up, fill in, fill to the brim, fill the measure of;
saturate.
go the whole hog, go the whole length; go all lengths.
Adj. complete, entire; whole &c. 50; perfect &c. 650; full, good,
absolute, thorough, plenary; solid, undivided; with all its parts; all-
sided.
exhaustive, radical, sweeping, thorough-going; dead.
regular, consummate, unmitigated, sheer, unqualified, unconditional,
free; abundant &c. (sufficient) 639.
brimming; brimful, topful; chock full, choke full; as full as an egg
is of meat, as full as a vetch; saturated, crammed; replete &c. (redundant)
641; fraught, laden; full-laden, full-fraught, full-charged; heavy laden.
completing &c. v.; supplemental, supplementary; ascititious.
Adv. completely &c. adj.; altogether, outright, wholly, totally, in
toto, quite; all out; over head and ears; effectually, for good and all,
nicely, fully, through thick and thin, head and shoulders; neck and heel,
neck and crop; in all respects, in every respect; at all points, out and
out, to all intents and purposes; toto coelo; utterly; clean, clean as a
whistle; to the full, to the utmost, to the backbone; hollow, stark; heart
and soul, root and branch, down to the ground.
to the top of one's bent, as far as possible, a outrance.
throughout; from first to last, from beginning to end, from end to
end, from one end to the other, from Dan to Beersheba, from head to foot,
from top to toe, from top to bottom, de fond en comble; a fond, a capite ad
calcem , ab ovo usque ad mala, fore and aft; every, whit, every inch; cap-
a-pie, to the end of the chapter; up to the brim, up to the ears, up to the
eyes; as . . . as can be.
on all accounts; sous tous les rapports; with a vengeance, with a
witness.
Phr. falsus in uno falsus in omnib us; omnem movere lapidem; una scopa
nuova spazza bene
#53. Incompleteness. -- N. incompleteness &c. adj.; deficiency, short
measure; shortcoming &c. 304; insufficiency &c. 640; imperfection &c. 651;
immaturity &c. (nonpreparation) 674; half measures.
[part wanting] defect, deficit, defalcation, omission; caret;
shortage; interval &c. 198; break &c. (discontinuity) 70; noncompletion &c.
730 missing link.
V. be incomplete &c. adj.; fall short of &c. 304; lack &c. (be
insufficient) 640; neglect &c. 460.
Adj. incomplete; imperfect &c. 651; unfinished; uncompleted &c. (see
complete &c. 729); defective, deficient, wanting, failing; in default, in
arrear; short, of; hollow, meager, lame, half-and-half, perfunctory,
sketchy; crude &c. (unprepared) 674.
mutilated, garbled, docked, lopped, truncated.
in progress, in hand; going on, proceeding.
Adv. incompletely &c. adj.; by halves.
Phr. caetera desunt; caret.
<-- p. 18 -->
#54. Composition. -- N. composition, constitution, crasis; combination
&c. 48; inclusion, admission, comprehension, reception; embodiment;
formation.
V. be composed of, be made of, be formed of, be made up of; consist
of, be resolved into.
include &c. (in a class) 76; contain, hold, comprehend, take in,
admit, embrace, embody; involve, implicate; drag into.
compose, constitute, form, make; make up, fill up, build up; enter into the
composition of &c. (be a component) 56.
Adj. containing, constituting &c.v.
#55. Exclusion. -- N. exclusion, nonadmission, omission, exception,
rejection, repudiation; exile &c. (seclusion) 893; noninclusion,
preclusion, prohibition.
separation, segregation, seposition, elimination, expulsion;
cofferdam.
V. be excluded from &c.
exclude, bar; leave out, shut out, bar out; reject, repudiate,
blackball; lay apart, put apart, set apart, lay aside, put aside; relegate,
segregate; throw overboard; strike off, strike out; neglect &c. 460; banish
&c. (seclude) 893; separate.&c. (disjoin) 44.
pass over, omit; garble; eliminate, weed, winnow.
Adj. excluding &c. v.; exclusive. excluded &c. v.; unrecounted, not
included in; inadmissible.
Adv. exclusive of, barring; except; with the exception of; save;
bating.
#56. Component. -- N. component; component part, integral part,
integrant part; element, constituent, ingredient, leaven; part and parcel;
contents; appurtenance; feature; member &c. (part) 51; personnel.
V. enter into, enter into the composition of; be a component &c. n; be
part of, form part of &c. 51 ; merge in, be merged in; be implicated in;
share in &c. (participate) 778; belong to, appertain to; combine, inhere
in, unite.
form, make, constitute, compose.
Adj. forming &c. v. inclusive.
#57. Extraneousness. -- N. extraneousness &c. adj.; extrinsicality &c.
6; exteriority &c. 220; alienage, alienism. foreign body, foreign
substance, foreign element; alien, stranger, intruder, interloper,
foreigner, novus homo, newcomer, immigrant, emmigrant; creole, Africander;
outsider; Dago*, wop, mick, polak, greaser, slant, Easterner [U.S.],
Dutchman, tenderfoot.
Adj. extraneous, foreign, alien, ulterior; tramontane, ultramontane.
excluded &c. 55; inadmissible; exceptional.
Adv. in foreign parts, in foreign lands; abroad, beyond seas; over sea
on one's travels.
<-- p. 19 -->
SECTION IV. ORDER
1. ORDER
#58. Order. -- N. order, regularity, uniformity, symmetry, lucidus
ordo; music of the spheres.
gradation, progression; series &c. (continuity) 69.
subordination; course, even tenor, routine; method, disposition,
arrangement, array, system, economy, discipline orderliness &c. adj.
rank, place &c. (term) 71.
V. be in order, become in order &c. adj.; form, fall in, draw up;
arrrange itself, range itself, place itself; fall into one's palce, take
one's place, take one's rank; rally round.
adjust, methodize, regulate, systematize.
Adj. orderly, regular; in order,in trim, in appleinpie order, in its
proper place; neat, tidy, en regle, well regulated, correct, methodical,
uniform, symmetrical, shipshape, businesslike, systematic; unconfused &c.
(see confuse &c. 61); arranged &c. 60.
Adv. in order; methodically &c. adj.; in -turn, - its turn; step by
step; by regular -steps, -gradations, -stages, -intervals; seriatim,
systematically, by clockwork, gradatim; at stated periods &c.
(periodically) 138.
Phr. natura non facit saltum; "order is heaven's first law" [Pope];
"order from disorder sprung" [Paradise Lost]; ordo est parium dispariumque
rerum sua loca tribuens dispositio [St. Augustine].
#59. [Absence, or want of Order, &c.] Disorder. -- N. disorder;
derangement &c. 61; irregularity; anomaly &c. (unconformity) 83; anarchy,
anarchism; want of method; untidiness &c. adj.; disunion; discord &c. 24.
confusion; confusedness &c. adj.; mishmash, mix; disarray, jumble, huddle,
litter, lumber; cahotage; farrago; mess, mash, muddle, muss [U. S.], hash,
hodgepodge; hotch-potch, hotch-pot; imbroglio, chaos, omnium gatherum,
medley; mere mixture &c. 41; fortuitous concourse of atoms, disjecta
membra, rudis indigestaque moles [Ovid].
turmoil; ferment &c. (agitation) 315; to-do, trouble, pudder, pother,
row, rumble, disturbance, hubbub, convulsion, tumult, uproar, revolution,
riot, rumpus, stour, scramble, brawl, fracas, fight, free-for-all, row,
ruction, rumpus, embroilment, melee, spill and pelt, rough and tumble;
whirlwind &c. 349; bear garden, Babel, Saturnalia, donnybrook, Donnybrook
Fair, confusion worse confounded, most admired disorder, concordia discors;
Bedlam, all hell broke loose; bull in a china shop; all the fat in the
fire, diable a' quatre, Devil to pay; pretty kettle of fish; pretty piece
of work, pretty piece of business.
V. be disorderly &c. adj.; ferment, play at cross-purposes.
put out of order; derange &c. 61; ravel &c. 219; ruffle, rumple.
Adj. disorderly, orderless; out of order, out of place, out of gear;
irregular, desultory; anomalous &c. (unconformable) 83; acephalous,
deranged; aimless; disorganized; straggling; unmethodical, immethodical;
unsymmetric, unsystematic; untidy, slovenly; dislocated; out of sorts;
promiscuous, indiscriminate; chaotic, anarchical; unarranged &c. (see
arrange &c. 60); confused; deranged &c. 61; topsy-turvy &c. (inverted) 218;
shapeless &c. 241; disjointed, out of joint.
troublous; riotous &c. (violent) 173.
Adv. irregularly &c. adj.; by fits, by fits and snatches, by fits and
starts; pellmell; higgledy-piggledy; helter-skelter, harum-scarum; in a
ferment; at sixes and sevens, at cross-purposes; upside down &c. 218.
Phr. the cart before the horse; <gr/hysteron proteron/gr>; chaos is
come again; "the wreck of matter and the crush of worlds " [Addison].
#59a. Complexity -- N. complexity; complexness &c. adj.; complexus;
complication, implication; intricacy, intrication; perplexity; network,
labyrinth; wilderness, jungle; involution, raveling, entanglement; coil &c.
(convolution) 248; sleave, tangled skein, knot, Gordian knot, wheels within
wheels; kink, knarl; webwork.
Adj. knarled. complex, complexed; intricate, complicated, perplexed,
involved, raveled, entangled, knotted, tangled, inextricable; irreducible.
<-- p. 20 -->
#60. [Reduction to Order.] Arrangement. -- N. arrangement; plan &c.
626; preparation &c. 673; disposal, disposition; collocation, allocation;
distribution; sorting &c. v.; assortment, allotment, apportionment, taxis,
taxonomy, syntaxis, graduation, organization; grouping; tabulation.
analysis, classification, clustering, division, digestion.
[Result of arrangement] digest; synopsis &c. (compendium) 596;
syntagma, table, atlas; file, database; register. &c. (record) 551;
organism, architecture.
[Instrument for sorting] sieve, riddle, screen, sorter.
V. reduce to order, bring into order; introduce order into; rally.
arrange, dispose, place, form; put in order, set in order, place in order;
set out, collocate, pack, marshal, range, size, rank, group, parcel out,
allot, distribute, deal; cast the parts, assign the parts; dispose of,
assign places to; assort, sort; sift, riddle; put to rights, set to rights,
put into shape, put in trim, put in array; apportion.
class, classify; divide; file, string together, thread; register &c.
(record) 551; catalogue, tabulate, index, graduate, digest, grade.
methodize, regulate, systematize, coordinate, organize, settle, fix.
unravel, disentangle, ravel, card; disembroil; feaze.
Adj. arranged &c. v.; embattled, in battle array; cut and dried;
methodical, orderly, regular, systematic.
Phr. "In vast cumbrous array" [Churchill]
#61. [Subversion of Order; bringing into disorder.] Derangement. -- N.
derangement &c. v.; disorder &c. 59; evection, discomposure, disturbance;
disorganization, deorganization; dislocation; perturbation, interruption;
shufflng &c. v.; inversion &c. 218; corrugation &c. (fold) 258;
involvement.
V. derange; disarrange, misarrange; displace, misplace; mislay,
discompose, disorder; deorganize, discombobulate, disorganize; embroil,
unsettle, disturb, confuse, trouble, perturb, jumble, tumble; shuffle,
randomize; huddle, muddle, toss, hustle, fumble, riot; bring into
disorder, put into disorder, throw into disorder &c. 59; muss [U.S.];
break the ranks, disconcert, convulse; break in upon.
unhinge, dislocate, put out of joint, throw out of gear.
turn topsy-turvy &c. (invert) 218; bedevil; complicate, involve,
perplex, confound; imbrangle, embrangle, tangle, entangle, ravel, tousle,
towzle, dishevel, ruffle; rumple &c. (fold) 258.
litter, scatter; mix &c. 41.
Adj. deranged &c. v.; syncretic, syncretistic; mussy, messy; flaky;
random, unordered [U.S.].
2. CONSECUTIVE ORDER
#62. Precedence. -- N. precedence; coming before &c. v.; the lead, le
pas; superiority &c. 33; importance &c. 642; antecedence, antecedency;
anteriority &c. (front) 234; precursor &c. 64; priority &c. 116; precession
&c. 280; anteposition; epacme; preference.
V. precede; come before, come first; head, lead, take the lead; lead
the way, lead the dance; be in the vanguard; introduce, usher in; have the
pas; set the fashion &c. (influence) 175; open the ball; take precedence,
have precedence; have the start &c. (get before) 280.
place before; prefix; premise, prelude, preface.
Adj. preceding &c. v.; precedent, antecedent; anterior; prior &c. 116;
before; former; foregoing; beforementioned, abovementioned, aforementioned;
aforesaid, said; precursory, precursive; prevenient, preliminary,
prefatory, introductory; prelusive, prelusory; proemial, preparatory.
Adv. before; in advance &c. (precession) 280.
Phr. seniores priores; prior tempore prior jure.
#63. Sequence. -- N. sequence, coming after; going after &c.
(following) 281; consecution, succession; posteriority &c. 117.
continuation; order of succession; successiveness; paracme.
secondariness; subordinancy &c. (inferiority) 34.
afterbirth, afterburden; placenta, secundines.
V. succeed; come after, come on, come next; follow, ensue, step into
the shoes of; alternate.
place after, suffix, append.
Adj. succeeding &c.v.; sequent; subsequent, consequent, sequacious,
proximate, next; consecutive &c. (continuity) 69; alternate, amoebean.
latter; posterior &c. 117.
Adv. after, subsequently; behind &c. (rear) 235.
<-- p. 21 -->
#64. Precursor. -- N. precursor, antecedent, precedent, predecessor;
forerunner, vancourier, avant-coureur, pioneer, prodrome|, prodromos,
prodromus, outrider; leader, bellwether; herald, harbinger; foreboding;
dawn; avant-courier, avant-garde, bellmare, forelooper, foreloper,
stalking-horse, voorlooper, voortrekker.
prelude, preamble, preface, prologue, foreword, avant-propos,
protasis, proemium, prolusion, proem, prolepsis, prolegomena, prefix,
introduction; heading, frontispiece, groundwork; preparation &c. 673;
overture, exordium, symphony; premises.
prefigurement &c. 511; omen &c. 512.
Adj. precursory; prelusive, prelusory, preludious; proemial,
introductory, prefatory, prodromous, inaugural, preliminary; precedent &c.
(prior) 116.
Phr. "a precedent embalms a principle" [Disraeli].
#65. Sequel. -- N. sequel, suffix, successor; tail, queue, train,
wake, trail, rear; retinue, suite; appendix, postscript; epilogue;
peroration; codicil; continuation, sequela; appendage; tail piece,
heelpiece; tag, more last words; colophon.
aftercome, aftergrowth, afterpart, afterpiece, aftercourse,
afterthought, aftergame; arrier pensee, second thoughts; outgrowth.
#66. Beginning.-- N. beginning, commencement, opening, outset,
incipience, inception, inchoation; introduction &c. (precursor) 64; alpha,
initial; inauguration, debut, le premier pas, embarcation, rising of the
curtain; maiden speech; outbreak, onset, brunt; initiative, move, first
move; narrow end of the wedge, thin end of the wedge; fresh start, new
departure.
origin &c. (cause) 153; source, rise; bud, germ &c. 153; egg,
rudiment; genesis, primogenesis, birth, nativity, cradle, infancy; start,
inception, creation, starting point &c. 293; dawn &c. (morning) 125;
evolution.
title-page; head, heading; van &c. (front)
234; caption, fatihah.
entrance, entry; inlet, orifice, mouth, chops, lips, porch, portal,
portico, propylon, door; gate, gateway; postern, wicket, threshold,
vestibule; propylaeum; skirts, border &c. (edge) 231.
first stage, first blush, first glance, first impression, first sight.
rudiments, elements, outlines, grammar, alphabet, ABC.
V. begin, commence, inchoate rise, arise, originate, conceive,
initiate, open, dawn, set in, take its rise, enter upon, enter; set out &c.
(depart) 293; embark in; incept.
usher in; lead off, lead the way; take the lead, take the initiative;
inaugurate, head; stand at the head, stand first, stand for; lay the
foundations &c. (prepare) 673; found &c. (cause) 153; set up, set on foot,
agoing, set abroach, set the ball in motion; apply the match to a train;
launch, broach; open up, open the door to; set about, set to work; make a
beginning, make a start; handsel; take the first step, lay the first stone,
cut the first turf; break ground, break the ice, break cover; pass the
Rubicon, cross |
